Level 2 FreeFlyer Certification Exam Part B

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Sensor Coverage

You and your team are launching a satellite, and you’ve been tasked with analyzing a coverage scenario. The satellite is equipped with a nadir pointing sensor with a 45° Field of View (FOV). The goal of your analysis is to determine which orbit regime will offer the best global coverage. To analyze global coverage, start by creating a PointGroup with 500 points evenly distributed on Earth. Using the Orbit Wizard, create three Spacecraft using the following parameters as the independent variables.

Spacecraft1 Parameters:

Orbit Regime

Sun-Synchronous

Initial Epoch

Jan 01, 2020 00:00:00.000000000

Semi-Major Axis

7500 km

Eccentricity

0.01

Mean Local Time

12:00:00.000

Node

Ascending

Argument of Perigee

45°

Mean Anomaly

10°

Spacecraft2 Parameters:

Orbit Regime

Molniya

Initial Epoch

Jan 01, 2020 00:00:00.000000000

Longitude at Apogee

220°

Dwell Over

Southern Hemisphere

True Anomaly

45°

Spacecraft3 Parameters:

Orbit Regime

Circular

Initial Epoch

Jan 01, 2020 00:00:00.000000000

Altitude

800 km

Inclination

65°

Right Ascension Ascending Node

300°

To compare each of the orbit regimes there must be a few constants. For each of the created Spacecraft, update the Spacecraft’s integrator settings and add a Sensor with the parameters found below.

Propagator:

Integrator Type

Runge Kutta 8(9)

Propagator Step Size

60 s

Sensor Properties:

Sensor Shape

Cone

Cone Half Angle

45°

Now that the Spacecraft objects have been created, in a one-day propagation loop, analyze the coverage between each Spacecraft and the global PointGroup. To answer the following questions, inside your propagation loop, use the PointGroup.Coverage() method to gather data for a Report which includes the current epoch, number of points seen by each Spacecraft, and total number of points seen collectively.

1. Looking at your report, after the one-day propagation, which Spacecraft saw the most points in the PointGroup?

Molniya
Circular
Sun-Synchronous
Circular & Sun-Synchronous are equal

2. Which Spacecraft saw the least number of points in the PointGroup?

Molniya
Circular
Sun-Synchronous
Circular & Molniya

3. What percentage of points did the Molniya Spacecraft see after the one-day propagation?

82.2%
91.2%
98.6%
85.6%

Recondition your propagation loop to determine when 100% of the PointGroup points have been seen by a singular Spacecraft.

4. From the initial epoch, how long would it take for the Sun-Synchronous Spacecraft to see all the points in the PointGroup?

1.2 days
1 day
2.4 days
1.4 days

In addition to global coverage, your team is specifically interested in coverage of the Continental United States. Using the CONUS Region File, determine contact passes between the Spacecraft’s Sensors and the Region. Recondition your propagation loop to propagate all the Spacecraft for 5 days reporting your results to a file.

5. After the 5-day propagation, which Spacecraft contacted the Region the most?

Molniya
Circular
Sun-Synchronous
Circular & Sun-Synchronous are equal

6. Which Spacecraft had the longest duration passes over the Region?

Molniya
Circular
Sun-Synchronous
Circular & Sun-Synchronous are equal

7. What was the duration of the longest pass by the Sun-Synchronous Spacecraft?

14.192 minutes
13.629 minutes
12.641 minutes
13.755 minutes

GroundStation Coverage

You and your team are launching a satellite to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), and you’ve been tasked with analyzing a coverage scenario. You’ve been given a list of station acronyms for the ground stations your satellite will communicate with, and your job is to generate data products to determine which stations will provide you with the most coverage in the first week on orbit. Starting Jan 01, 2024 00:00:00.000000000, generate data products for the first week which contain the acquisition of signal (AOS), loss of signal (LOS), duration, and elevation between your Spacecraft and the list of GroundStations.

Spacecraft Orbital Elements:

Semi-Major Axis

8000 km

Eccentricity

0.1

Inclination

45 deg

Right Ascension Ascending Node

300 deg

Argument of Perigee

0 deg

True Anomaly

10 deg

GroundStations of Interest:

1. DS46

2. DS16

3. DS55

4. KS2P

5. JSCJ

6. CTSS

1. Which GroundStation was the Spacecraft in contact with the most in the first week on orbit?

Canberra
Madrid
Kennedy Space Center
Johnson Space Center

2. What was the longest duration of time the Spacecraft was in contact with GroundStation in Madrid?

25.294 min
23.569 min
23.229 min
24.802 min

3. What was the maximum elevation between Canberra and the Spacecraft during the longest pass?

74.841 deg
55.131 deg
51.633 deg
73.231 deg

4. Which GroundStation was the Spacecraft in contact with the least in the first week on orbit?

Kennedy Space Center
Madrid
Canberra
Goldstone

5. What was the maximum elevation between Goldstone and the Spacecraft during the longest pass?

74.841 deg
77.677 deg
85.737 deg
45.005 deg

You Have Finished Part B of the Exam

Make sure your answers are correct and that you have answered every question. When you are satisfied with your answers, please click on the 'Complete Exam Part B' button below to submit your answers and return to the dashboard.

 

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